Mental_nerve, Mental_nerve Information, Mental


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Nerve: Mental nerve

Distribution of the maxillary and mandibular nerves, and the submaxillary ganglion. (Mental nerve visible at bottom right, at chin.)

Sensory areas of the head, showing the general distribution of the three divisions of the fifth nerve. (Mental nerve labeled at bottom left, near chin, in yellow.)
Latin	nervus mentalis
Gray\'s	subject #200 897
Innervates	chin, lower lip
From	inferior alveolar nerve
Dorlands/Elsevier	n_05/12566174

The mental nerve is a general somatic afferent (sensory) nerve which provides sensation to the anterior aspects of the chin and lower lip as well as the buccal gingivae of the mandibular anterior teeth and the premolars. It is a branch of the posterior trunk of the inferior alveolar nerve, which is itself a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V).

The nerve emerges at the mental foramen in the mandibula, and divides beneath the Triangularis muscle into three branches:

one descends to the skin of the chin.
two ascend to the skin and mucous membrane of the lower lip.

These branches communicate freely with the facial nerve.

Anesthesia

The mental nerve can be blocked with local anesthesia, a procedure used in surgery of the chin, lower lip and buccal mucosa from midline to the second premolar. In this technique, local anesthetic is infiltrated in the soft tissue surrounding the mental foramen.

Additional images

Mandible of human embryo 24 mm. long. Outer aspect.

Mandibular division of the trifacial nerve.

The nerves of the scalp, face, and side of neck.

Outline of side of face, showing chief surface markings.

External links

SUNY Labs 23:st-0610 - "Anatomy of the Superficial Face - Nerves"
Mental+nerve at eMedicine Dictionary
MedEd at Loyola GrossAnatomy/h_n/cn/cn1/cnb3.htm
Norman/Georgetown cranialnerves (V)

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray\'s Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.

v • d • e

The cranial nerves: trigeminal nerve

ophthalmic (V1)

frontal: supratrochlear - supraorbital (lateral branch, medial branch)

nasociliary: long root of ciliary - long ciliary - infratrochlear - ethmoidal (posterior, anterior) - ciliary ganglion (short ciliary, sensory root of ciliary ganglion, parasympathetic root of ciliary ganglion, sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion)

lacrimal

maxillary (V2)

in meninges	middle meningeal
in pterygopalatine fossa	zygomatic (zygomaticotemporal, zygomaticofacial) - pterygopalatine (pterygopalatine ganglion see below for details) - posterior superior alveolar
in infraorbital canal	infraorbital nerve: superior alveolar (middle, anterior) - internal nasal branches
on face	inferior palpebral - external nasal - superior labial (infraorbital plexus)
pterygopalatine ganglion	deep petrosal - nerve of pterygoid canal branches of distribution: greater palatine (inferior posterior nasal branches) - lesser palatine - nasopalatine (medial superior posterior nasal branches) - pharyngeal

mandibular (V3)

in meninges	meningeal
anterior	to muscles of mastication (medial pterygoid/to tensor veli palatini, lateral pterygoid, masseteric, deep temporal) - buccal
posterior	auriculotemporal (otic ganglion) - lingual (submandibular ganglion) - inferior alveolar (mylohyoid, mental)

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